In logistics transport, cargo securing is one of the core elements to ensure transport safety. Especially when using flatbed trailers, improper cargo securing may lead to accidents and even seriously affect life safety. Every year, there are countless accidents caused by improperly secured cargo, resulting in huge losses and risks for companies.
In this article, Genron will discuss in detail how to properly secure cargo on flatbed trailers. Ensuring cargo is secure and safe during transport. We will provide professional guidance and advice on flatbed strapping regulations, commonly used securing tools, practical steps and common problems. Through these effective measures, you can improve transport efficiency, reduce the risk of accidents, and ensure that each trip can be completed smoothly.
Table of Contents
Fundamentals of Flatbed Trailer Cargo Securing
The fundamentals of flatbed trailer cargo securing include choosing the right securing tools and methods. The right tools and techniques can effectively secure the cargo to the trailer and prevent it from shifting or falling during transport. The most commonly used securing tools include chains, ratchet straps, and wire ropes. And these tools need to be chosen appropriately according to the weight and volume of the cargo as well as the road conditions.
When choosing a securing tool, it is important to ensure that its working load limit (WLL) is higher or equal to the actual weight of the cargo. For example, light cargo can use polypropylene straps. Heavier loads will require the use of stronger chains or wire ropes. In addition, consider the inclement weather and rough terrain that may be encountered during transport, and choose the right tools to ensure that the load is secured stably in all conditions.
Types of load securing
There are various types of load securing devices for flatbed trucks. We’ve compiled a few common types of flatbed load securing devices here:
Tarpaulins and straps: straps are attached to the ICC bars on the edge of the trailer via strap hooks that cover the load. This ensures that the load is stable and prevents it from shifting during transport. The most common are 4-inch wide straps that can support up to 5,500 pounds. Tarps are used to protect cargo from weather elements such as rain, wind and sand. It helps prevent cargo from being damaged by moisture or external contaminants, while keeping it from blowing away.
Chains and Clips:For heavy loads, such as aluminium coils, steel coils and agricultural equipment, they are usually secured with chains and clips. One end of the chain is attached to the load or ICC bar and the other end is secured by a tensioning device. Reinforcement of the chain by means of clamps ensures that the load does not shift during transport. Depending on the size and weight of the load, the appropriate chain size is selected. Chains and straps can be used in combination or separately as required to ensure firm and reliable fixing.
Load Bars:The purpose of load bars is to spread the weight of the load over a larger surface area. This prevents the weight from being concentrated in one place on the trailer, thus reducing the risk of damage. Load bars are particularly suited to the transport of heavy loads and increase stability and safety during transport. The use of load bars is an efficient and cost-effective way to safely transport more heavy loads, especially on flatbed trailers.
5 steps to securing cargo on a flatbed trailer
Step 1: Choosing the right straps
Choosing the right strapping is the first step in securing your cargo. Polypropylene straps or webbing are suitable for light loads, while heavier loads will require stronger ratchet straps or chains. Ensure that the straps you choose are strong enough to carry the weight of your cargo to avoid it coming loose or falling off due to improper strapping.
There are many types of strapping, each suitable for different cargo weights and usage scenarios. Below is a comparison table of several common types of strapping and their recommended usage scenarios to help you make the best choice:
| Strap Type | Material | Recommended Use | Advantages | Applicable Load Range |
| Polyester Webbing | Polyester Fiber | General cargo securing | High strength, durable, UV resistant | Light to Medium Loads |
| Nylon Webbing | Nylon | Versatile load securing | High strength, elastic, wear-resistant | Medium Loads |
| Polypropylene Webbing | Polypropylene | Ideal for light loads | Lightweight, economical, moisture resistant | Light Loads (Under 2000 lbs) |
| Ratchet Strap | Polyester Fiber or Other | For most load types | Easy to tighten and release, adjustable length | Medium to Heavy Loads |
| Winch Strap | Polyester Fiber | Heavy load securing | Suitable for winch use, secure, adjustable | Heavy Loads |
| Wire Rope | Steel | Heavy and oversized loads | High strength, durable, suitable for harsh conditions | Heavy Loads |
| Chain and Binder | Steel | Heavy-duty securing | Solid, reliable for the heaviest loads | Overweight Loads |
| Cam Buckle Strap | Polyester Fiber or Other | Lightweight to medium loads | Easy to use, quick release mechanism | Light to Medium Loads |
Step 2: Cargo Positioning
Proper positioning of the cargo ensures that the load is balanced on the flatbed trailer. When loading cargo, make sure its weight is evenly distributed across the flatbed. Avoid overloading and ensure that the centre of gravity of the load is as close to the centre of the trailer as possible. Properly positioned cargo not only helps to ensure a stable ride, but also prevents the vehicle from overturning due to an uneven load.
Step 3: Secure the cargo with straps
Attach straps to all corners of the load and make sure they are properly tensioned. Avoid loosening or tightening the straps too much to ensure that the cargo remains stable during transport. In some cases, more than one strap can be used as needed to enhance the fastening effect and ensure that the goods are fully secured.
Step 4: Use tarpaulins (if necessary)
In adverse weather conditions, especially when encountering rain or strong winds, it is recommended to cover the cargo with a tarpaulin. This not only effectively protects the cargo from the weather, but also reduces the risk of damage to the cargo. Depending on the type of cargo and transport needs, choose a suitable tarpaulin for covering. For cargo that is resistant to wear and tear, such as steel and wood, PVC tarpaulins that are thick and UV-resistant are recommended. For goods that are susceptible to moisture, such as paper or electronic equipment, a more breathable tarpaulin can be chosen to avoid dampness or mould.
Securing the tarpaulin is also an important step and we have put together a detailed step-by-step guide:
Spread the tarpaulin: Lay the tarpaulin flat on the load, making sure the coverage extends completely beyond the edges of the load to prevent wind blowing it up.
Adjust tarp position: Ensure that the tarp covers the cargo tightly, avoiding wrinkles or gaps and ensuring that every corner is effectively protected.
Securing the tarp: Secure the tarp to the trailer using straps, lanyards or chains, making sure the tarp is secure all the way around. Use moderate tension to avoid damage.
Check and Adjust: Before and during transport, periodically check the tarp’s fastening and adjust it if it becomes loose or shifts.
Step 5: Regularly Check Fixtures
During transport, the fixing device may be loosened by vibration or external force. Therefore, regularly check the condition of tie-down straps, chains, ratchet straps and other securing tools to ensure that they remain firm and the cargo is not disturbed.
Tools and equipment for cargo securing on flatbed trailers
Depending on the weight and size of the cargo, it is vital to choose the right securing tools. Different cargo types and transport conditions require different securing tools.
Light cargo (≤ 2000 lbs): use polypropylene straps or webbing. These straps are lightweight and less costly, making them suitable for transporting light cargo.
Medium cargo (2,000-5,000 lbs.): Wire rope and ratchet straps are ideal for this type of cargo. They provide increased strength and stability to ensure that medium-sized cargo is securely fastened.
Heavy Duty Cargo (>5000 lbs): For heavier cargo, choose chains or cables. These tools provide greater support and are suitable for use in adverse conditions.
In addition, the shape and size of the cargo should be considered when choosing a securing tool. For large, bulky cargo, more straps and stronger securing devices may need to be used to ensure that it does not shift during transport.
Common Misconceptions and Considerations for Securing Flatbed Trailer Cargo
When securing cargo, some common misconceptions can lead to unnecessary risks:
Ignoring load balance: When loading cargo, it is important to ensure that its weight is evenly distributed. Unbalanced loads increase the risk of vehicle rollover and affect driving stability.
Neglecting regular inspections: Fixings can loosen during transport due to vibration and prolonged use. Regularly check the tightness of straps and chains to ensure that the load remains securely fastened throughout transport.
Extra protection in bad weather: In case of bad weather (e.g. strong winds, heavy rain, etc.), tarpaulins should be used promptly to cover the goods. The tarpaulin not only protects the cargo from the weather, but also provides additional support for the cargo when it is windy.
Summarising
Proper securing of flatbed trailer cargo is not only a legal requirement, but also the key to ensure transport safety and avoid accidents. The risk of cargo falling or being damaged can be minimised by choosing the right strapping tools, sensible positioning of the cargo, regular checks and the use of tarpaulins in exceptional weather conditions. In addition, flexible adjustment of fixing methods according to the type of goods and transport conditions can ensure the safety of goods during transport.
Logistics companies should always pay attention to cargo securing in the operation process. Especially in the case of overloading, rough roads, bad weather and so on. Ensure that the goods are properly fixed, not only can reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents. It also improves transport efficiency, reduces costs and protects the company’s reputation and customers’ interests.
GENRON as a professional flatbed trailer manufacturer as well as seller, we can also provide you with professional selection advice to meet your transport needs.
